The Emergence of a Borderless Society - 1321 Words

Introduction Today, we live in a society devoid of yester years restrictions in regard to movement and trade. Basically, the term borderless society has no clear cut definition. However, the same can be likened to many other terms such as globalization, global community, global village, etc. In a borderless society, minimal restrictions exist especially when it comes to the movement of goods, information as well as currency. The Emergence of a Borderless Society In basic terms, the emergence of a borderless society has been influenced by a number of things. Key among these include but they are not in any way limited to the removal of historical trade barriers between countries, the development of an efficient e-commerce platform as well as advances in both telecommunications and transportation. When it comes to the removal of trade barriers, Hamilton and Webster (2012) point out that governments have taken steps to remove barriers to trade and movement of finance through international organizations such as  ¦.the World Trade Organization. Governments according to the authors have also played a key role in the development of a borderless society by setting up common markets as well as custom unions and free trade areas (Hamilton and Webster, 2012). Thanks to advances in transportation, it has now become relatively easy to transport goods from one location to another, regardless of the geographical distance. When it comes to advances in tele communication, HamiltonShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Chapter 14 of the Communication and the Transformation of Economics by Robert E. Babe 667 Words   |  3 Pageshow information policy affects identity and the structure of society. Furthermore an in depth analysis of how new borders is defined and then furthers the creation of new laws is presented. This book is attempting to prove that the power of the informational state is threatened by the increase of technology. Chapters five and six explain the separation of the informational, social and technological systems of the state. Modern society is changing due to the increasingly dependent social and informationRead MoreThe Transformation of Europe Essay1252 Words   |  6 Pagesthe more unified 21st Century powerhouse that we know today. One of the new ways of thinking that was introduced in Europe, which changed the course of history, was the idea of Enlightenment. As defined by Immanuel Kant, â€Å"Enlightenment is man’s emergence from his self-incurred immaturity. Immaturity is the inability to use one’s own understanding without the guidance of another† (Reader pg 33). 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How Are They Affected by Different Element of Globalization?2682 Words   |  11 Pagesor even a systematic analysis of its primary features. Moreover, few studies of globalization proffer a coherent historical narrative which distinguishes between those events that are transitory or immediate and those developments that signal the emergence of a new conjuncture; that is, a transformation of the nature, form and prospects of human communities. A SUMMARY OF THE GLOBALIZATION DEBATE. Globalization may be thought of initially as the widening, deepening and speeding up of worldwide interconnectednessRead MoreGlobalization Is Not A New Phenomenon2523 Words   |  11 Pagesthat moment in time. Due to increasing use of advancing technology, being the force driving ‘the world toward a converging commonality’ (Levitt, 1983). 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Varieties Of Religious Experience By John Updike - 1474 Words

Religious Variety In John Updike’s short story â€Å"Varieties of Religious Experience†, he illustrates four different perspectives on the day of the 9/11 attacks and allows for the readers to understand the minds of multiple people on a day that will forever be remembered in American history. Updike seizes the opportunity to see through various vantage points and it also allows for the readers to have wider sense of faith in the short story. The opportunity of multiple perspectives suggests that there could be something more from a religious experience especially in an ever-evolving technology driven society. Honestly, when I first began to read the short story I was confused as to why Updike would use multiple points of view, but once I had finished I knew that what Updike had done was something only very gifted writers can do. Through each character, Updike allows for the readers to see what happened and what emotions people of different religions felt on the day of 9/11. Updike’s use of multiple protagonists allows for the reader to see each religious, physical, and mental perspective from that fateful day. The first protagonist the reader is introduced to is Dan who is a sixty-four Episcopalian lawyer from Cincinnati. On 9/11, Dan sees the attacks as a simple on looker for a Brooklyn penthouse near the towers that Updike observed the falling towers. Dan, a believer in God until the collapse of the towers, goes through a counter conversion after 9/11. He loses his faith in

Communication Skills Children & Families

Question: Discuss that the term communication is one of the widest topics that could be discussed? Answer: The term communication is one of the widest topics that could be discussed. Communication can be personal, private and public; it could happen between two people and among a group of persons. In order to make a communication to be effective the people involved in the communication procedure must be committed and responsive. They must possess skill which will be utilized to frame a message that could be utilized to make the communication effective and derive proper response. The interview of Lucy from the movie Unloved by Samantha Morton can be taken as a study for the communication skill needed while communicating with children (Barker, 2010). The interview is quite relevant to the concept of communication skills needed for speaking with children as it shows exactly what must not be done (Rcpsych.ac.uk, 2015). The film from which the interview is taken rotates around Lucy and provides insight into the social care system through the eyes of a child. It is shown in the movie that how alienated she felt in the Care home as there was lack of proper communication between the social workers and her. It is seen that they failed to connect with the children and provide proper guidance and council in a manner that would not only reconcile them but also make them feel light and comfortable (Birkinshaw, 2006). As seen in the clip that Lucy is a very quiet eleven year old girl, who is tormented due to her horrid past of irresponsible parents and is thus gloomy and alone. As seen from studies and most cases that children are most harrowed and affected because of negligence, torture and abuse (Daud, Skoglund and Rydelius, 2005). It is needed that these children should be taken under the care of a system that would not only provide shed and protection but an environment where the child will be able to express and live freely. Thus the ability to express ones feeling and responding will be only achieved when the communicator possesses skills to create an intangible warm, free environment among them. The first shot of the clip shows Lucy sitting in a car with Vicky a female care worker. They are shown discussing a range of topics. Lucy asks Vicky if she believes in God. Vicky says that she was taught about multiple religions and although sometimes it is hard to believe yet she believes in Gods like Lord Krishna from the Hindu mythology. Lucy asks her about Christianity and Jesus and Vicky replies with a smile that Jesus is great. They enter a shopping mall to buy clothes for Lucy as she is shown wearing only her school uniform. Lucy continues to ask Vicky personal questions and Vicky replies amicably. Lucy is shown in a light and happy mood as Vicky helps her buy new shoes and clothes. Lucy even goes on to describe her choices as she feels comfortable and happy around Vicky. After they return to the care home, Lucys social worker Jackie meet her. This was a very polite, restricted and alienating experience for her (Roberts and Greene, 2002). The conversation revolved around paperwork. Both of them were sitting at a distance and Lucy is seen fidgeting with her shopping bags as she is completely uncomfortable. While the woman goes through the paperwork Lucy stares at her and the surroundings taking in everything. The Social worker checks Lucys school papers and doesnt say much other than good. She asks Lucy few formal questions and why she left the home earlier. To this Lucy only shrugs and does not reply properly. The woman looks busy and does not share much eye contact with Lucy. Whenever she asks Lucy something, Lucy speaks with her eyes down. The social worker tells her that she took a while in visiting her as the Patrimony was not provided and now that it is provided she will continue to visit Lucy. She also asked Lucy to call her up if she needed her . There was no warmth in the communication and all seemed really formal and as a result Lucy did not seem interested. Lucy asked her whether she could go back and stay with her Mom or Dad. For this the woman said that they must be consulted for this. Later in her room Lucy is seen happy as fiddles with her new clothes. It was thus evident from the clip that the two conversations between Lucy and Vicky and Lucy and her Social Worker Jackie were entirely different in manner and yielded different results (Reece, 2008). Lucy established a bonding with Care worker Vicky by sharing views with her and speaking on topics that were not related to the torture or pain she experienced. While with Jackie the conversation did not yield anything. Jackie failed to get any insight of Lucys mental condition. Jackies behavior and body language was strictly formal and she took a businesslike approach in the situation. Her questions were directly asking about Lucys track records and how she ended up here. Jackie did not try to establish any kind of connection which could have been better for the interview. An interview of such manner is totally futile and pointless and disappointing for both the communicators as well. This interview is hence discussed to understand the factors that must be kept in mind when communicating with Children. One of the main criteria of social care workers are to establish connection and communication with their clients and thus they need the best kind of communication skills which will not only provide comfort and scope for the client to speak but also provide the social worker ample opportunities to learn the situation, listen to the issues and offer proper and worthy solutions to the clients troubles. The following discussion will point out the skills that are required for establishing such a healthy relationship with the clients and how this could utilized in deriving solutions to the issue. The interview of Lucy with her Social and Care workers is taken as reference to point out the pros and cons of the whole action related to communicating with children in terms of social work and social care program. The concept of social work is covered with responsibility (Deliege, 2002). When it comes to counseling and providing support to children, the responsibility becomes double. The social workers need to understand, reciprocate and empathize with the situation the child is in. It is also the concern of the social worker to communicate with the parents and guardians of the children to understand the surrounding in which the child is brought up. This will provide as an added advantage in providing the solution to the problems. Also in this way the Social worker can provide solution to parental anxiety (Dogra, 2002). All this processes needs some particular skills which should be present in the Social worker. Every day a social worker needs to gain some insight from the clients and then convey information to them. The first skill that a Social worker must possess is the quality of listening carefully (Aviram, 2002). They must be able to listen properly and pay complete attention to what the child is saying. This also means to maintain eye contact so that little gestures and reactions could be perceived as something meaningful. The Social worker must not interrupt or roll eyes, multitask, doodle or yawn when the child is speaking it implies disinterest in speaking. This was exactly one of the things which were wrong with the interview between Lucy and Social worker Jackie. Jackie spoke to Lucy while going through the paperworks and not keeping eye contact with her. Vicky was able to connect and make Lucy talk to her as she totally responded to Lucys queries while maintaining eye contact and smilin g occasionally. Vicky kept looking at Lucy paying her complete attention. The second skills that must be honed by the social workers are to gain exclusive, important and relevant information. A social worker therefore must be able to ask the right question in the right way. Jackie continues to ask Lucy why Lucy was absconded and whether her Mother has contacted her. To this queries Lucy gives very short replies. It is clear that she is not comfortable enough to answer truthfully of what happened or what she feels and thinks. Also Jackie seemed not interested in getting further information as she did not use any amicable persuasion methods to gather further insight to Lucys mind and condition. It is one of the tactics used by Social workers to get involved in role playing and word association to derive information. From Jackies attitude it was total business for her whereas Vicky very carefully through her words gathered little insights into the likes and dislikes that Lucy harbors. The third criteria are applying of nonverbal behavioral skills. The primary task of maintaining eye contact is already discussed. The other gestures and body language that should be applied are, handshakes, smiles, and a tap on the shoulder or a caressing gesture. This spreads warmth and the child feels secure and comfortable while speaking and takes the process seriously. Other actions could be sitting closer as physical distance often alienates the people from each other and the communication is not productive. Jackie and Lucy were sitting at a distance and Lucys physical posture and body language showed that she felt uncomfortable. Lucy and Vicky were sitting in close affinity in the car and Vicky maintained physical contact to make Lucy feel at home. Building trust is one of the primary tasks that have to be implemented to ensure effective communication. Any kind of communication will be successful when the partners in the conversation have equal trust and faith on each other. The social worker must establish the idea in the mind of the client that he or she has the best interest for the client. Even if the social worker does not agree with the client it is essential that the clients view is given first priority and importance. This way the client will feel secure and confident of the whole communication and will discuss the issues tormenting them. In context to the interview scene, Jackie did not indulge in any kind of activity that will help Lucy build trust on her. Jackie tells her that she did not come earlier as she was not provided the patrimony. Now that it is provided she will continue to visit her and if any problem arises, Lucy should call her right away. This word does not provide any assurance to Lucy as she fails to gain any positive vibe from Jackie. Lucy does not reply and Jackie continues with her paperwork without paying much attention to her. The whole conversation hence was very formal and short and did not help in connecting the communicators (Statham, 2004). The trust that is needed was actually formed between Lucy and Care worker Vicky. Lucy had faith on her and thus agreed to go shopping with her (Waller, 2006). She was very happy with the clothes and responded to Vickys queries. They had complete and effective conversation and got much idea about each other. There was nothing restrictive and Vicky got much insight into Lucys mind and thought process. Building of trust also means that the client will readily accept the solution and would be convinced of its success. Jackie failed to convince Lucy and thus did not improve her situation. When she returned to her room, Lucy was more delighted with her new clothes which she and Vicky bought together (Juhsov, 2015). The final aspect of the communication skill is avoiding of conflict. The Social worker should try to diffuse the conflict and completely avoid threatening or judging the client and refrain from raising their voices. Their tones should not be accusing or judgmental and try to be a mediator for issues. Jackie was quite judgmental of Lucy being absconded yet she did not push Lucy into saying why she fled. Vicky was there to support and comfort Lucy when she returned thus providing her scope to explain herself (NICHOLLS, 2000). The role of a social worker is similar to a counselor but as a social worker one needs to do more. As a social worker one should do more for a client (Howe, n.d.). A social worker has to take the initiative himself. A social worker has to call up helping agents to solve issues and cannot just seat by providing a phone number. As a social worker for children the idea is to safeguard the children and make the authorities or parents realize the need for care. They have to build a rapport and must not show shocking or loud expressions to reconcile the students. A social worker should be able to maintain confidentiality and try to understand and empathize with the situation the child is in. From the interview scene it is gathered that, although Jackie is quite professional in her demeanor, she does not use her communicative skills to fullest to derive further information which is required in order to understand Lucys condition (Schraer, 2014). The social worker did not ask Lucy how she is in the Care home in the first place and what her wishes are (Krebs and Pitcoff, 2006). Instead she mentions the procedure that Lucy must follow to meet or live with her parents. The social worker did not ask Lucy anything which will make her feel comfortable. All the queries were strictly professional and nothing to do with Lucy sharing her worries. As a result she seemed disinterested in the whole process of the interview. She behaved like she was chided and was nervous and she continued fidgeting with her fingers (Drasgow, 2009). Many experts of the Social work theory carry the value that there is need of self disclosure when trying to communicate effectively (Great Valley Publishing Company, 2015). It is very important when communicating with minors that the social worker should also divulge some personal information to them. This is exactly what Vicky did when she took Lucy for shopping. Vicky told Lucy about her religious beliefs and about having a boyfriend. Children like getting to know others before trusting them and hence Vicky easily established a connection and trust with Lucy. Thus although an ethical boundary must be maintained, it is necessary that the social worker converse with the minors in a normal manner and not use their businesslike attitude. The role of Social worker is not providing mental therapy, but they must bend to a certain level when communicating with the minors (Brain and Mukherji, 2005). Therapies are meant to improve the situations and mental health by taking the people in a different environment but the role of social worker is to contact the relevant people and the relevant agencies in order to provide a solution which would help the people to come out of the situation. The social workers job is thus formal, but when one considers the minors, they have a different mind then the adults. They are volatile and must be handled with care. Issues sometimes leave children with deep scar and they are reluctant in sharing crucial information. The social workers need this information as it is vital for their work. This is the reason for which the social workers should indulge in minimal exchange of personal information so that the children feel important and comfortable sharing their own personal details on the issue s (Green and Nieman, 2014). Thus as seen from the clip the concept of social work and social care is very serious and requires patience and proper temperament to provide solution to make a life better (Butler and Roberts, 2004). Two aspects of the Social care are shown in the clip, one is a conversation between the child and the Care worker in an informal environment and another is between the child and her social worker in a very formal environment. Both the conversations included only two persons and were face to face, yet it yielded two completely different results. The interview in question did not yield any positive answer from the child and she was distracted and not interested in the process at all. She was much happier when driving with the care worker and shopping and even shared her choice of clothes and hair color which help in establishing a connection and interest in the communication. For an apprentice the interview could be very educative in learning what they should or should not do when conversing with the child in question. A Childs mind is wide and full of ideas it must be nurtured and understood with care while dealing with a serious situation. A social worker must not be all professional like when dealing with children and the mode of communication has to be different and less formal. Environment also plays a major role. An open space with air and light and colorful surroundings also relaxes the mind and the body and thus the Social worker in the video should have chosen a different environment for the interview (Close, 2011). The social worker tries to cover all the points and ask relevant questions to Lucy. She also goes through the paperwork with much care, but she missed out on some major points that should be taken care of. Her communication skills were not appropriate in conversing with a tormented eleven year old girl (Greene and Burleson, 2003). Although Jackie tried to empathize with Lucy, yet her lack in warmth, eye contact and trust building activity failed in interesting the girl and thus the whole point of the interview almost came to a naught. The tactics applied by Vicky was much more fruitful in making Lucy talk. The positive outcome of the interview was that Lucy was assured that the decision of her staying with her Mother would involve both Vicky and Jackie. This made her hopeful. Hence it is seen that communication skill is one of the most crucial factors when considering social work and care concerning families and especially children. The video was an insight into the dos and donts of the communication process for a social worker and thus must be applied by the future workers in the social work scenario (Howe, 2008). As any communication is important this critique only highlights how even a small conversation between a child and a social worker is important and requires skill. Thus the little intricacies must be always looked at. References Aviram, U. (2002). The Changing Role of the Social Worker in the Mental Health System.Social Work in Health Care, 35(1-2), pp.617-634. Barker, A. (2010).Improve your communication skills. London: KoganPage. Birkinshaw, I. (2006). The Handbook of Communication Skills - Third editionThe Handbook of Communication Skills - Third edition.Nursing Standard, 21(6), pp.30-30. Brain, C. and Mukherji, P. (2005).Understanding child psychology. Cheltenham, U.K.: Nelson Thornes. Butler, I. and Roberts, G. (2004).Social work with children and families. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Close, A. (2011). New system of regulation for adult social care in England.Nurs Residential Care, 13(1), pp.39-41. Daud, A., Skoglund, E. and Rydelius, P. (2005). Children in families of torture victims: transgenerational transmission of parents traumatic experiences to their children.International Journal of Social Welfare, 14(1), pp.23-32. Deliege, D. (2002). A Classification System of Social Problems:.Social Work in Health Care, 34(1/2), pp.195-238. Dogra, N. (2002).A multidisciplinary handbook of child and adolescent mental health for front-line professionals. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Drasgow, E. (2009). Teaching package increases conversational skills, play skills, emotional skills, and friendship skills of three young children with autism.Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention, 3(3), pp.165-167. Great Valley Publishing Company, I. (2015).Ethics of Self-Disclosure With Children and Adolescents. [online] Socialworktoday.com. Available at: https://www.socialworktoday.com/archive/exc_070814.shtml [Accessed 27 Jul. 2015]. Green, S. and Nieman, A. (2014). SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: GOOD PRACTICE GUIDELINES.Social Work, 39(2). Greene, J. and Burleson, B. (2003).Handbook of communication and social interaction skills. Mahwah, N.J.: L. Erlbaum Associates. Howe, D. (2008).The emotionally intelligent social worker. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan. Howe, D. (n.d.).The compleat social worker. Juhsov, A. (2015). Comparison of Quality of Life of Families with Children with Disability and Families with Children without Disability.Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, pp.3378-3384. Krebs, B. and Pitcoff, P. (2006).Beyond the foster care system. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. NICHOLLS, P. (2000). Guidelines for Social and Economic Rehabilitation.Leprosy Review, 71(4). Rcpsych.ac.uk, (2015).The Unloved. [online] Available at: https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/discoverpsychiatry/mindsonfilmblog/theunloved.aspx [Accessed 27 Jul. 2015]. Reece, A. (2008). The Social Care System: Beyond Repair or Missing Vital Parts?.Journal of Integrated Care, 16(5), pp.37-43. Roberts, A. and Greene, G. (2002).Social workers' desk reference. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Schraer, R. (2014).Wearing two hats: How do counselling and social work fit together? - Community Care. [online] Community Care. Available at: https://www.communitycare.co.uk/2014/07/01/wearing-two-hats-counselling-social-work-fit-together/ [Accessed 27 Jul. 2015]. Statham, D. (2004).Managing front line practice in social work. New York: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Waller, R. (2006).Fostering child adolescent mental health in the classroom. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

The Way of Geisha Dance

The way of Geisha dance demonstrates to us the importance of maiko in the traditional Japanese culture. The difficult times that the character goes through serve to prepare her for the tedious maiko training. Maiko entertains people from all cadres.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Way of Geisha Dance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This, at the same time brings to us the rich Japanese culture. The whole process through the dance displays the thorough training the Maiko usually go through. Geisha lessons prepare women to become independent with little dependence on men. Their sanctity when training shows how the trainers value developing maiko women who respect themselves. The main character loses parents and a sister. The death of parents and the punishment do not serve any good to the character. The dance reveals the element of jealousy among women as they compete for the attention of men. The concept behin d may not be men as depicted because maiko grow up women who never get married but it seems the push is economic gain. An appreciation by men comes in terms of monetary rewards. The dance is crucial to the lives of many Japanese women. It has created a constant source of income to these women. Maiko is an avenue for trainers to make income. The training is formal and schools exist. The tutors who are specially trained must be paid. The geisha houses, recruitment, and training are income-generating stages. The structure of the training itself creates a continuum that is a source of income to people at every level. From art training, learning in teahouses through to the teachings on the navigation of social networking people earn income. The trainers, entrepreneurs who run geisha houses, hairdressers and stylists all get income. The maiko girls are very successful businesspeople.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper wi th 15% OFF Learn More The dance attracts tourists in Japan (Masuda 77). The visitors who are always very enthusiastic about the dance, come to purchase the traditional costumes called kimono along with the geisha makeup. Geisha has been expanded to cover modeling and taking international tours. Through this, the Japanese culture that is considered the impeccable form of art is spread across the world. Geisha has succeeded in giving women economic and financial independence. The comparison between Geisha and Japanese dance draws many differences. Whereas the Japanese dance has two types i.e. Odori and Mai, geisha is one dance that has two divisions that are Tchikata and Jikata. Geisha is a dance dominated by women, and the Japanese dance is male oriented. Geisha is performed in public places that include social functions while the Japanese dance is performed in rooms. Ballet is a western traditional dance. It has its own vocabulary that compares to the special regalia won by geisha dancers. There are several types of the ballet depending on the geographical origin including the French ballet, Russian ballet, and Italian ballet. This is different from geisha that only has one origin. Other similarities include the training that is intensive and takes time to sharpen skills that cover a range of issues such as dancing, acting, and other artistic displays. The two dances also prominently feature women who sing and play musical instruments. Both dances stem from the cultures of respective communities. We can confidently conclude that as much as the dances originated from countries that are far apart, they have more similarities than differences and most of them promote their respective cultures.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Way of Geisha Dance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Masuda, Sayo. Autobiography of a Geisha. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003. Print. This essay on The Way of Geisha Dance was written and submitted by user Landon Bowers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Business Process Outsourcing

Business Process Outsourcing Introduction Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) involves a firm contracting some of its operations and processes to another firm. According to Duening and Rick (2), Business process outsourcing is a movement of business process from inside the organization to an external service provider. Outsourcing enables the company to concentrate on the main objective.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Business Process Outsourcing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rafiq (4) describes business processing as a white collar services required to service employees to customer. The services given by BPO firms may include: auditing, tax processing, Payroll, e.t.c. India has for a long time dominated the BPO market, mainly because of availability of labor, resulting from the high population in the country. There has been tremendous growth in BPO industry in china. The growth can be attributed to Chinese richness in experts, knowledge and skills, as well as increased proficiency in English language in the recent years, compared to the past. China’s main barrier to becoming the top BPO provider is the English language (Shalin 1). A lot of Chinese people today are learning English and the government plans to use billions of dollars in English Education so that China can become a global leader in BPO. Outsourcing has become popular in developed nations and across the world, with the firms being drawn to the BPO because of factors like availability of expertise, availability of improved services and cost reduction (Reid 1) Who are the major competitors? India hosts most of the leading BPO companies and enjoys vast market from United States, and around the world. It has firms like Genpact, Infosys BPO, IBM India and HCL which are globally competitive IBM offers BPO services, among many other services and it’s based in the United States of America. It manufactures and sells computer software and hardware. IBM offers the following outsourcing services;Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Customer Relationship Management Finance and Administration Human resource Procurement and supply chain management Technical Help desk services Industry Bank office CRM services involve provision of an improved customer experience and also intensive analysis of customer’s data, so that it becomes possible to come up with actionable and viable customer initiative. Customer Relationship Management also involves reduction of bad debts, through managing of debts. IBM also offers analytic business services which are supposed to give insight to customer management, and also to help the firm make better and valid decisions. IBM technical services helps a firm to utilize technologies in a way that they will reduce cost and ensure incidents that result to losses are reduced through proacti vely scanning IT environment. IBM has a branch in India, (IBM India) which was awarded the Golden Media HR Excellent awards for the year 2011, due to its effectiveness in Human resource and customer management. Accenture is another major competitor in the BPO market. It is an information technology outsourcing company, based on Ireland. Among the services that it offers are listed below. Procurement and human resource Finance and procurement: these includes Learning and Human resource IT outsourcing in conjunction According to Zacks investment Research (1), Accenture secured a number of contracts, for example, a 6-year outsourcing contract to provide application management services to Germany-based Henkel’s North American operations in the year 2010. This is an indication of how globally competitive the firm is, because of its links with Europe and proficiency in English language. Genpact also is another competitor to Chinese outsourcing companies. It offers services like,A dvertising We will write a custom report sample on Business Process Outsourcing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sales and marketing. Finance and Accounting. Supply chain. Collection. Customer services. Health care and learning. Content Management. Genpact went into a contract in January 2010 with US largest drugs store Walgreens, transferring at least 500 jobs to Genpact (Sachitanand 1). The main reason behind the outsourcing was to improve cost productivity and facilitate growth strategy aiming at maximizing returns. Genpact may be a big challenge to Chinese companies because, despite it having high skilled experts in various fields of services, it has the advantage of having staffs that are proficient in English, a language widely spoken in Europe, America and around the world. These are just but a few giants in the BPO market, that are out to compete with China in this business. Most of these firms get their employees from Indi a due to the availability of cheap and efficient labor which makes the outsourcing firms to prosper. Infosearch BPO is another company based on India that offers outsourcing services to their clients. According to Inforsearch BPO website, the company offers services ranging from: Outbound Call centre solutions Telemarketing Technical support, Chat and e-mail support Lead generation BPO processes Web related services In the BPO services, they offer Account and finance operation Various accounting services include: Accounts payable processing, interim Audits, General ledger Maintenance, Monthly and year end closing assistance, payroll processing, sales and tax returns preparation and Accounts reconciliation. Human resource services Human resource services include: Payroll Administration including handling of taxes issues, employee benefits, health, and Medical employees’ background verification Data processing and Management Data Processing and management services includes: D ata maintenance, data entry, Data processing, data conversion data mining and new database creationAdvertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Chat and Email support Chat and email support include, Customer service, Technical support, inquiry Handling order taking and Follow up services Strength and weakness of the main competitors Based on the above list of competitors, most companies that can give Asia a challenge in outsourcing business are in India. A company like IBM is based on United States; therefore it can enjoy better access to USA market than Asian companies due to the advanced market in the United States of America. India has been preferred to be a good source of labor force. India has low labor costs and high quality of skilled labor (Shalin 7). Outsourcing services in India has grown among major cities with some firms avoiding the major cities of India, to operate from minor towns in the service industry with low cost. Some firms are again looking for cheaper and efficient labor in the remote cities (Kobayashi 115) Shalin observes that the flourishing BPO industry in India is a result of a strong English spea king workforce that joins the market every year (vii). Outsourcing industry in China is faced with a Language challenge as many of the citizens cannot use the language well. To remove this barrier, the government of China is putting in place academic programmes and has also developed curriculum that will lead to more Chinese enrolling in those programmes to familiarize themselves with the English language. Accenture on the other hand offers extensive services, ranging from application, infrastructure, to business process outsourcing. It embarks on cost reduction to its clients, at the same time offering high quality services. It surpasses china by the fact that it is based on an English speaking country, and also being strategically located in Europe. According to Zacks investment research, â€Å"It has been expanding over the years, Accenture also has extensive relationship with world’s leading companies and government, and it operates in over 120 countries† (Zacks in vestment research 1). This has given this company an upper hand in securing a share in the BPO market (Zacks investment research 1). Infosearch BPO, another outsourcing company based in India, stresses the need of offering the best services to its customer. Inforsearch seeks to offer Financial and accounting services emphasizing on data security, risk management, governance and improved efficiency (Infosearch BPO services 1). Inforsearch BPO also offers excellent data processing and management at low rates, and also performs error- data management services that will help the organization save time, and hence money. They also respond to email of clients effectively without delay, removing the offload of many mails thereby reducing email overcrowding. Labor arbitration across Asia Labor arbitration is an economic concept where, with the removal of trade barriers, labor moves from regions with low paying jobs to regions where jobs are paying better. Some nations have very high populati on, and so they educate more labor than can be absorbed in the market. This leads to low wages and salaries. Labor arbitration allows these employees to migrate to other countries and seek employment. lupinacci (1) found out that cost of labor in Asia is 75% the cost of labor in United States. Therefore creating a need for companies to source cheap labor form Asia, just to save on cost. However, outsourcing only helps to reduce cost and is viable if you are importing labor at a lower cost. Companies in china cannot therefore source labor outside the country, if such labor is abundantly available right in the country. Initially, outsourcing clients were expected to come from expensive economies such as Japan, USA, Singapore, simply because labor costs in these countries were high, and therefore companies operating from there would wish to import labor at lower costs. Surprisingly, KPMG international (2) found out that 55% of surveyed companies in India and 46 percent in China say tha t they already outsource. 24 percent of respondents in India, and 30 percent in china plans to outsource in the next three years. Companies in India have greater tendency of outsourcing business functions as compared to other Asian companies and this distinguishes the operations of the companies between the two territories. According to the report, 64% of respondents in India say they currently outsource, or plan to outsource accounting, debt collection and tax processing. Only 50% in the rest of Asia say the same (KPMG 2). Language is an important and indispensable Criterion for companies when selecting and putting into place a service provider. To majority of the respondents, language and the country’s culture strongly dictates their outsourcing requirement. Although English remains the key language of the subsidiaries of multinational companies, it is not the case with local companies. Therefore, companies looking for outsourcing markets in Asia should employ people who ar e fluent in Asian languages. Most of the respondents viewed some tasks such as strategic planning, sales and marketing, risk management and research and development as very important and essential to the company, and so they should be done from inside. According to KPMG international (2), BPO business will boom in Asia, when more Asian companies agree to trust outsiders in the areas they regard as key player. For example, accounting, finance, etc. Finally, an explosion in the market is set to happen, when the companies that are already outsources succeed over their competitors, as a result of reduced cost brought by outsourcing. The competitors will be forced to follow suit, in order to stay in the business. Growth strategy to outsourcing company in China Outsourcing is one of the strategies that firms in developed world are using to lower cost of production, by outsourcing labor which is cheap, lowering their labor cost. Wage rates in China and India range from 10% to 25% as compar ed to those for quality workers in the US and elsewhere in the developed world (Brecher et al 1). What this means for Asia is that they stand a chance to expand their markets event wider because more and more firms in the developed countries will tend to source more labor from Asia. A good growth strategy would include: Adoption and campaigning for policies which allow labor migration across the world. In a free market economy, labor can easily move from countries where demand is low, to countries where demand is high. If all countries adopt this policy and ceases government intervention in labor markets, then firms in a given country can easily outsource. The government of China should ask its trade partners to adopt this policy, which is widely used by many developed countries in the world. The main drawbacks are that national labor union, as well as non-governmental organizations, which will always challenge the government if most of the countries workforce is outsourced and the unemployment levels, are high. Mostly, trade unions in developed countries demand for higher and higher pay. With the labor unions as watchdogs, it becomes tricky and difficult for the firm to replace the costly labor with a cheap one. Language is another factor that needs to be addressed. Language and culture of firms in outsourcing should be that which is acceptable and admirable to those who wish to get their labor. The main reason why Indian firms get a wider market in United States and Europe compared to other Asian countries is their ability to communicate in English. Chinese government has already embarked on programmers to make its citizens more conversant with English language. However, this does not rule out other Asian languages. The bottom line is for each BPO company to clearly make a target in the market, and ensure they are proficient in the language spoken in the spotted and targeted market. Companies like IBM India Genpact market share is largely attributed to their staffs’ proficiency in the English language. Asia, that is china and India should embrace outsourcing with both hands. KPGM international survey report shows that most firms in China embrace outsourcing, but just not with both hands. There are areas in the firms that the management feels so precious to outsource, and therefore they would rather produce their own workforce to do these jobs. These jobs include strategic planning, risk management, research development. If only everybody could embrace BPO, then china can enjoy the market first in the region and later in the rest of the world. However I strongly feel that in due time, the few firms that have embraced BPO in all areas will make tremendous success against their competitors. Government Policy The government of china should adopt policies that are likely to encourage firms to indulge in BPO, either as the supplier of services, or consumers. The policies should involve a tax holiday, for companies in BPO business. If an employee goes to work outside china and they are taxed on their income, the Chinese government should not tax the same so that they can avoid the problem of double taxation. Recently, the government of china has been encouraging multinational companies to set up outsourcing operations in the country or event set up joint venture with Chinese outsourcing companies. According to Ensinger, â€Å"the Chinese and the US government’s chamber of commerce and industry, Chinese branch, has worked hand in hand with the US government to Sponsor events in America, encouraging the US companies to seek for workforce overseas† (Ensinger pg. 1). The chamber has funded pro outsourcing campaigns, and has openly opposed those who are against it. Management This is yet another strategy individual firm should have good management skills that will enable to adopt strategies that will lead to success. Every firm should have a good IT infrastructure management that will ensure the firm adv ances in IT skills and should produce staffs that possess the same skills. Expertise in area of specialization is a self marketing concept in staff, and china should make their staff as experienced as possible. Employment retention The firms should adopt measures to ensure that hard working and focused employees are given incentives and good working conditions and the company should dedicate its resources towards their career development and experience so that they do not leave the firm. High employee turnover Raman classifies the reasons that lead to high employee’s turnover into â€Å"Drive attrition† reasons caused by the employer, or â€Å"drag attrition† reasons due to the employees. Drag attrition are caused by employer, who may fail to re hire employees after the contract period. The employing company’s policy may require retention of only the productive employees, with the rest being sent away (3). According to Raman, â€Å"Drag attrition is due to insecurity and vulnerability associated with taking on a career with a BPO company, while others may quite as a chance to rise up the corporate ladder† (Raman 3). Nature of work in many BPO companies is psychologically stressing and may lead to illness, fatigue, ulcers, depression and other chronic illnesses. In order to overcome workers turnover, BPO companies should give initiatives to ensure that employees remain with them and to make them feel that they gain more when they work with BPO than when they leave. Incentives may be financial; it can be a pension scheme which is enjoyable after working for years with them so whoever leaves earlier looses the benefit. High salaries High salaries that meet employee’s needs should be a must, alongside the assurance of a job security. The employees should feel that the BPO Company holds the future for them. Raman suggests various ways that employees can be made to stay in a BPO company (8). One of them is changing employeeà ¢â‚¬â„¢s attitude towards BPO. Employees should cease from seeing this job as a lifestyle or may be a job to cling on waiting for greener pastures ahead, to seeing it as a career. This can be done through changing organizational structure, which will give the employee a chance to climb up the corporate ladder, may be from a subordinate staff, to junior staff and later may be a manager. BPO companies should also present a socially presentable image to the employees and the public at large. Raman (8) says that â€Å"BPO firms should take those physically handicapped in the community, and thereby become socially responsible† as this will present a very good image in the eyes of the employees and they will feel a part of the organization and they will be more loyal and willing to serve the company to the best of their ability. According to Raman (9), effective communication should be used as a tool to give the employees a sense of belonging. Their views should be taken seriously and whoever has an incentive in the company should be taken seriously. Employees should be informed of what is happening and should be updated on issues of the company. Employees should also be given a choice of reward. Every employee should be in a position to choose among the varieties of rewards that the company offers Some people may prefer more pay, while others may prefer more time off. Personalizing rewards shows the company cares for each individual’s needs, as opposed to distributing generic rewards (Raman 10). Customer satisfaction This is also very important in outsourcing business; the firm should aim at achieving the needs of the company that it is supplying with technical experts. A good vendor client relationship also is a key thing in boosting BOP business (Mayen 4). Schwartz and Ye (1) attributes the key to business success to indulging yourself with a good outsourcing company that will ensure reduction in cost and lead to increased production capacity. The main reason why firms outsource is to attain competitive advantage, and achieve economies of scale (Kakabadse and Kakabadse 3). According to Harley (106), both the BPO Company and the client should consider certain aspects when developing a good negotiation strategy that amount to good result Both should understand negotiation position, and the position is largely determined by the objectives and goals of the BPO Company and the client. The clients aim at reducing cost and gaining competitive advantage. The scope of business The scope of business being outsourced should also be considered. This is driven by consumer’s business requirement and it will be determined by how the BPO Company deals with certain legal terms. Relative bargain Relative bargain positions of either party should also be put into consideration. The bargaining position is influenced by the client’s urgency to enter into a BPO contract and also the benefits that the transaction carried out offers to the vendor. The parties should establish the objective and goals of the contract because it largely influences the substance and form of the contract entered into. The parties should define the scope, according to the client’s requirements and the company’s resources and capabilities. The client must first define the scope of the agreement, and then the company redefines it. This process will help to come with good terms over the contract and it is a key to establishing a good and satisfying contractual relationship. Establish the value and urgency of the contract in terms of your client. The value may range from increased profits as a result of saving on costs to creating a good image in the eyes of the public, as a multinational company that take regards need of other nations. According to Harley (108), the value may also be psychological whereby if the contract has already been communicated to the employees and the public as a whole, failure to close the deal may be seen as a weak point in the eyes of the public and may demean the client. Each party must define roles it intends to play in the contract. This involves the legal process of drafting the agreement, where both parties ensure that all its concerns have been put into consideration. A good contract negotiation strategy by China BPO Company will lead to happy customers and long ties that ensure business progress in the coming years. Willcocks and Cullen (46) talk of a contract management that will ensure that firms operate at lower costs and in the spirit of profit maximization and relative competitive advantage. With these factors taken into consideration, Chinese BPO companies can at a significant amount overcome the challenge of employee turnouts and they would be at a path to become world leaders in this business. Why china has a great potential for BPO China’s BPO potential has been on the rise over the years, attracting more and more international companies. This strength c an be attributed to: Strong domestic market China is a country with very high population. This population offers a market for business growth. Many Chinese firms have also started outsourcing some services. The BPO industries therefore enjoy both the domestic market and the international market, leading to a tremendous growth. A survey conducted by Sanchez (20) shows that many companies in Asia and Canada do not outsource the areas they consider strategic, such as finance, but 90% comfortably outsource it. Companies should however embrace outsourcing in all sectors, to increase the domestic market Improving education infrastructure According to Gallagher et al (5), on a higher education report in china by (OECD), enrollment in higher education in China has risen from 5 million in 1990, to 23 million in 2009. This tremendous investment in education means improved and quality workforce for china. The workforce has hence led to high growth in BPO industries. Skilled labor at low prices China enjoys a vast population of skilled labor. Going with the law of demand and supply, higher supply will reduce the cost of labor, making manufactures enjoy low labor at very low costs. It has the largest population with 1.3 to 1.4 billion people (Eltscjomger, 34) Brecher et al (1) argues that wage rates in China and India rang form 10% to 25% of those for comparable quality workers in US and elsewhere in the developed world. Due to this, firms in developed countries are moving to china to source for cheap labor boosting the BOP industry. Comprehensive IT infrastructure The government of China has embarked on a massive investment on the IT sector. China’s National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) declared that the government has spent RMB 367.6 billion on infrastructure. This infrastructure is therefore boosting businesses, especially IT outsourcing. KPGM international survey report shows that most firms in China embrace outsourcing but just not with both hands ( 4). There are areas in the firms that the management feels so precious to outsource, and therefore they would rather produce their own workforce to do these jobs. These jobs include strategic planning, risk management, research Government policies The Chinese government has embarked on policies that are at largely aimed at boosting BPO businesses. The policies are together with increased English education to make China population to be fluent with the English language and make China globally competitive. The policies also involve giving tax rebates, incentives and subsidies to BPO Companies (Rightsite Team 1) Exchange Nexus is a Chinese based company that provides insight to other companies on how to outsource. According to Exchange Nexus (1), the company works with top Chinese outsourcing companies trying to outsource and provide them with training resources and this firm is just another reason why China is climbing heights in outsourcing. Conclusion The BOP industry is one of the largest growing industries in the world as a result of benefits that accrue to those who use it. The cost of initial investment can be tremendously high, because of capital assets as well as experts in various fields. In fact, the time that a firm may take to develop human resource that it requires and train them to high standard may be too much, considering how important time resource can be to an organization. BPO makes it possible for you to acquire these services without necessarily training the workforce yourself. BPO can also offer flexible labor because you can have a short term outsourcing contract for a service that you do not need for long. It can also be a good method of acquiring employees, because you can consume them in your program after the contract is over. Some firms even have policies to retain productive employees after the contract. In the long run, it means such a firm will employ a very productive workforce even in other parts of the world, a supermarket that want to develop sales software, probably do not have a programmer at hand. However, they can indulge an IT company to make this software for them without necessarily employing a programmer. The outsourcing business also helps in cost reduction because the firms can import cheap labor from developing countries to cut down on production cost. Outsourcing is therefore becoming a very common way of acquiring what firms do not have and the demand for the BPO services is increasing. India and China have got a large pool of skilled employees (Infosearch BPO Services Pvt Ltd 1). Over the years, India has dominated the market due to proficiency in English language of its citizens. Key leaders in the BOP business include IBM and Infosearch. These companies have branches in India. They are attracted by the large percentage of skilled workforce. Both India and China enjoys high population, resulting to surplus labor which should to be exported to other countries. China recently has enjoyed trem endous growth in the BOP sector (Weinberg pg 1). The government of China has been encouraging other countries to import labor from china, by diplomatic relations. We have already seen that the United States chamber of commerce and industry (China branch) is very active in campaign to encourage the US companies to outsource cheap labor from china. Initiatives are also underway to make most of the population to be fluent in English so that they can comfortably engage in business transaction Europe and America. The government has also made allies with other governments, in a view to expand international markets in the spirit of globalization of the labor force (Bpovia.com 1). Individual firms are also encouraged to undertake strategic measures that will ensure they live long in the business. They should build a good business name by providing high quality services to their customers and establishing good customer relations. Public image presented by a BPO company may either attract cus tomers or chase them away. If the current trend continues, China will be the leading BPO services provider in the world due to the abundance of professionals with high expertise at a very low price as well an increased IT revolution in Asia, and particularly in china. Bpovia.com. China Government favorable policies outsourcing China Business news, 2008. Web. bpovia.com/blog/bpo/china-government-favorable-policies-outsourcing.html Brecher, Jeremy., Costello, Tim and Smith, Brendan. From Campgains to movements:  Global labor strategies, 2006. Web.. http://laborstrategies.blogs.com/global_labor_strategies/2006/05/index.html. Duening, Thomas, and Click, Rick. Essentials of Business process outsourcing. Canada: John winkly and sons, 2005. Web. https://books.google.com/books?id=3OBKGyqZpJ8Cprintsec=frontcoverdq=bpo+outsourcinghl=encd=2#v=onepageq=bpo%20outsourcingf=false Eltscjomger, Cyrillm. Source code china: a new global hub in IT outsourcing. New Jersey: John winkly and sons, 2007 . Ensinger, Dustin. Report: chamber of commerce held seminar promote outsourcing:  America’s Economic report, 2010. Web. http://economyincrisis.org/content/report-chamber-commerce-held-seminars-promote-outsourcing Exchange Nexus. Connecting outsourcing opportunities in china, 2010. Web. exchangenexus.com/ Gallagher, Michael., Abrar, Hasan., Canning, Mary., Newby, Howard., Saner, Lichia – Yiu and Whitman, Ian. OECD Reviews of Tertiary Education, 2009. Web.https://www.google.com/#sclient=psyhl=ensite=source=hpq=march+2009++higher+education+report+in+china+%2Cby+(OECD)++btnK=Google+Searchoq=aq=aqi=aql=gs_sm=gs_upl=bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.fp=3de569e27bd1a92ebiw=1024bih=564 Harley, John. Business process outsourcing: Process, strategies, and contract, 2nd ed,  2007. New Jersey: John winkly and sons, 2007. Web. https://books.google.com/books?id=i9fAXY- ZfTACprintsec=frontcoverdq=bpo+outsourcinghl=encd=3#v=onepageq=bpo%20outsourcingf=false Infosearch BPO Services Pvt Ltd. B PO Company India: Outsourcing BPO Services   Call Center Solutions in Chennai, India, 2009. Web.. infosearchbpo.com/index.php Kakabadse, Andrew and Nada, Kakabadse. Outsourcing: Current and future trends. London: Wiley periodicals, 2005. Web.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/tie.20048/abstract Kobayashi, Mark. Outsourcing to India: The offshore advantage, 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer verlag gerlin Heidelberb, 2005. Web.. https://books.google.com/books?id=zdxbEwgfQzQCpg=PA133dq=bpo+bookshl=enei=JThVTr-bHsXt-gagzenABgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=6ved=0CEoQ6AEwBQ#v=onepageq=bpo%20booksf=false KPMG International. International and Economic intelligence unit: Asian outsourcing,  2006. Web.aimri.net/master/presentations/Rajan-cht(2)..pdf lupinacci, Geno. Out sourcing in Asia, 2011. Web.. http://askvisory.com/research/hr-outsourcing-in-asia/ Mayen, Cunden. The impact of the it outsourcing relationship on the success of the  Venture: A research agenda Warwick Business Schoo l. UK: University of Warwick, 2005. Rafiq, Dossani. Issues in software and Business Process offshoring: Doing Business  In India, 2003. Web. http://asia.stanford.edu/events/fall03/slides/dossaniSlides.pdf Raman, Rajeev. Strategies to Retain Human Capital in Business Process Outsourcing  (BPO) Industry. India: Kohinoor Business School, 2006. Reid, Warren. Outsourcing: 20 steps to success, 2003. Web. www.wsrcg.com/Articles/OutSourcing.pdf Rightsite Team. 5 Reasons why China Will Dominate Business process outsourcing,  2010. Web. http://rightsite.asia/en/article/5-reasons-china-will-dominate-business-process-outsourcing Sachitanand, Rahul. Genpact ink 10-year outsourcing deal: Economic Times, 2005. Web. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/ Sanchez, Carlos. The Benefit and risk of knowledge process Outsorcing: Ivey  Bussiness Journal, 2010. Web. iveybusinessjournal.com/topics/strategy/the-benefits-and-risks-of-knowledge-process-outsourcing Schwartz, Alan and Ye, George. Outs ourcing – Control is the key to success, 2002. Web. scribd.com/doc/58516259/Article Shalin, Verma. Soft Skills and BPO Sector. India: Dorkling Kinderslery publishers, 2009. Weinberg, Joshua. Offshoring IT and BPO services to China, 2010. Web. http://internationalbusiness.wikia.com/wiki/Rising_Star:_Offshoring_IT_and_BPO_Services_to_China Willcocks, Lesliem and Cullen, Sara. The Outsourcing Enterprise: From Cost  Management to Collaborative Innovation. Newyork: Palgrave macmillian, 2011. Zacks investment Research. Accenture wins outsourcing contract, 2010. Web. dailymarkets.com/stock/2010/06/16/accenture-wins-outsourcing-contract/ wauo7CmBgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CDUQ6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false?

William Faulkner's story A rose for Emily Research Paper

William Faulkner's story A rose for Emily - Research Paper Example The story is an excellent example of strong fiction based story telling skills of Faulkner as it took place in his fictional city Jefferson of fictional country Yoknaparawpha (Kerr, p83). The story delicately knits the waves of past and present to form an intricate and attractive tale that basically aims to convey gratitude and empathy to a woman that encountered series of tragedies in her life and acted very strangely towards her life problems (Constance, p848). The story has been told by an unnamed narrator that uncovers the strange incidents of Emily’s life, her relationship with the people around her and the secret that she was hiding from people. The story describes different phases of her life in different parts. Each of the part focuses upon different time frame and different type of circumstances in the life of Emily. The story became very popular among the masses and critics were also inspired from the Faulkner style due to impressive description of several delicate i ssues and complexities of Emily life in very impressive manner. In the story Faulkner reflects his observations and understanding about abnormal psychology and mysteries solved by the time. He illustrates the relationship between North and South and portrays Emily as tragic heroine. It could be seen as a gothic horror tale or an explanation about strong links between past and present that could influence the behaviours and acts of people in very strange manner (Constance, p848). The intricate phenomenon of link between past and present has been explicitly defined in the story. In face the story is based upon the major theme of depiction of past strongly linked with the present. The dialogue of a major character in the story Gavin Stevens clearly tell about the main message of the story â€Å"The past is never dead. It’s not even past†. This idea has been depicted very beautifully and proficiently in the story because it describes the life of Emily spanning around 74 ye ars and different parts of the story take the readers backward and forward while chasing the occurrences in Emily’s life during different phases (Celia, p2) The description of different phases life of Emily linked with each other indicates that the memories pass from one generation to another and influence the present and future of the people by affecting their thinking and behaviours. For instance, when Emily started dating Homer Barron she was actually trying to feel free from the past control of her father and the traditions that always compel her to be a proper lady with values and norms (Clay, p43). The story spans around 74 years during which the readers could experiences the socio-political changes in Post and Pre Civil War era. It also shows the time when American South was on its midpoint and struggling to seek better ways that could honour the goods of past. The Civil was also ended up the greatness of the Old South that is often depicted in many stories written by Faulkner. He writes on the lines that there are some realities and development that people found difficult to accept and â€Å"the reality and myth are difficult to separate† (Faulkner, p78). The end of the Old South greatness was not easy to accept for many people who refused to accept the change in their position and conditions and it was really tough for them to realize the their old days were gone and the society was heading towards new era. These people tried to live in the golden memories of their past be cherishing their precious memories and strived to maintain the values and customers of South. Miss Emily was also among the people who were trying to live with the faded customs and rituals of the past. The folks of her town were also nostalgic and became

Qantitive Analisis for Managers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Qantitive Analisis for Managers - Research Paper Example 1(B)-: We are told that it would be desirable to make at least 1.5% of the cost of the construction of the venue back in profit from the tickets Let's charge due to above condition = p Total Construction Cost Activity Predecessor Week Cost Initial Cost Weekly Total Cost A. Design and drawing of plans - 16.00 50 0 50 B. Approval of design by the local Council A 13.00 0 0 0 C. Removal of debris etc.from site - 19.00 2 12 230 D. Offite construction of foundations - 13 14 10 144 E. Delivery of materials and equipment to site C 4.00 27 6 51 F. Building the foundations and basic structure C,D 21.00 0 14 294 G. Completion of the building work B,E,F 11.00 0 12 132 H. Installation of wiring, plumbing and other essential works F 15.00 0 8 120 I. Painting and installation of furniture, seating, etc. G,H,J 11.00 0 6 66 J. Publication and approval of plans by IOC A 8.00 2 0 2 Total 1089 1.5 % of Total construction cost = 1.5 X 1089 /100 = 16.335 So, 16.335 = p x 500 - (3571.12 + (500 x 1.86)) Ticket Charge (p) = 9.03 2(A)-: Break even point according to Regression Method Break even Point = Fixed cost /( Unit Price - Variable Unit Price) = 3784.53 /( 9 - 1.71) = 519.14 Percentage to Capacity = (Break even point / Capacity) x 100 = (519.14 /12000) x 100 = 4.32 % 2 (B)-: We are told that it would be desirable to make at least 1.5% of the cost of the construction of the venue back in profit from the tickets Let's charge due to above condition = p Total Construction Cost Activity Predecessor Week Cost Initial Cost Weekly Total Cost A. Design and drawing of plans - 16.00 50 0 50 B. Approval of design by the local Council A 13.00 0 0 0 C. Removal of debris etc.from...highest and lowest level of activity to calculate the cost function. But its reliability is not very high due to considering of less sample data. However it is more consistent than visual fit and easy to use. The regression analysis is a statistical technique that uses all observations to determine the cost function. It provides a best fit estimation model. Reliability of model can be used to consider the usefulness of model. It can incorporate multiple independent variables. So, Regression analysis is more accurate because in this method the deviation in data points and cost line is minimized as much as possible. Also this method makes use of all data and has statistical properties that allow us to make predictions and draw inferences (Langfield, Thorne and Hilton). However it is more complex to use and requires more expertise to be used.